01528nas a2200193   4500000000100000008004100001653001500042653001900057653001400076653001100090653001000101100001300111245007700124856007400201300000900275490000600284520103000290022001401320       2013                            d10aDisability10aDiscrimination10aPrejudice10aStigma10aChina1 aMatsui A00aResearch on economy and social exclusion: China dolls and rare diseases.  uhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4204575/pdf/irdr-2-30.pdf  a30-20 v23 a<p>The second workshop on "Research on Economy And Social Exclusion (REASE)" was held in the University of Tokyo on January 26, 2013. Focusing on rare diseases and disorders in China, three speakers from China introduced the current status of rare diseases and the challenge of support organizations for patients with rare disease and disorders in China, and especially pointed out some important issues associated with rare diseases and disorders in China. From the viewpoint of economics, this paper discusses some of the important issues of rare diseases and disorders in China raised in this workshop, especially from the aspects of economy of scale and orphan drugs, and the emergence of stigma from discrimination. It was shown that international coordination and cooperation are called for in order to give a proper incentive to the drug industries to create new drugs for rare diseases, and suggested that an important step toward inclusion is to reduce stigma by making rare diseases visible as much as possible.</p>  a2186-3644