01639nas a2200193   4500000000100000008004100001100001500042700001500057700001400072700001500086700001900101700001500120700001300135245006700148856005600215050001800271520114200289022001401431       2014                            d1 aScollard D1 aMartelli C1 aStefani M1 aMarojoa MF1 aVillahermosa L1 aPardillo F1 aTamang K00aRisk Factors for Leprosy Reactions in Three Endemic Countries.  uhttp://www.ajtmh.org/content/92/1/108.full.pdf+html  aSCOLLARD 20153 a<p>The objective of this study was to ascertain risk factors for complications (reactions or neuritis) in leprosy patients at the time of diagnosis in three leprosy-endemic countries. Newly diagnosed patients were enrolled in Brazil, the Philippines, and Nepal, and risk factors for reactions and neuritis were assessed using a case-control approach: "cases" were patients with these complications, and controls were patients without complications. Of 1,972 patients enrolled in this study, 22% had complications before treatment. Type 1 reaction was diagnosed in 13.7% of patients, neuritis alone in 6.9.%, and type 2 reaction in 1.4%. The frequency of these complications was higher in Nepal, in lepromatous patients, in males, and in adults versus children. Reactions and neuritis were seen in patients at diagnosis, before treatment was started. Reactions were seen in adults and children, even in patients with only a single lesion. Neuritis was often present without other signs of reaction. Reactions and neuritis were more likely to occur in lepromatous patients, and were more likely to be seen in adults than in children.</p>
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