01999nas a2200229   4500000000100000008004100001653002300042653002500065653001200090653001700102653002200119653001100141100001400152700001300166700001400179700001800193700001600211245008900227856015400316520128500470022001401755       2016                            d10aUrban transmission10aSpatial distribution10aleprosy10aEpidemiology10aChildhood leprosy10aBrazil1 aSantos SD1 aPenna GO1 aCosta MCN1 aNatividade MS1 aTeixeira MG00aLeprosy in children and adolescents under 15 years old in an urban centre in Brazil.  uhttp://memorias.ioc.fiocruz.br/issues/future-issue/item/6137-0002_leprosy-in-children-and-adolescents-under-15-years-old-in-an-urban-centre-in-brazil3 a<p>This original study describes the intra-urban distribution of cases of leprosy in residents under 15 years old in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; the study also identifies the environment in which Mycobacterium leprae is being transmitted. The cases were distributed by operational classification, clinical forms, type of contact and the addresses were geo-referenced by neighborhood. Between 2007 and 2011, were reported 145 cases of leprosy in target population living in Salvador, corresponding to detection rates of 6.21, 6.14, 5.58, 5.41 and 6.88/100,000 inhabitants, respectively. The spatial distribution of the disease was focal. Of the 157 neighborhoods of Salvador, 44 (28.6%) notified cases of leprosy and in 22 (50%) of these were detected more than 10 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. The infectious forms were found in 40% of cases. Over 90% of cases had been living in Salvador for more than five years. Overall, 52.6% reported having had contact with another infected individual inside the household and 25% in their social circle. In Salvador, M. leprae transmission is established. The situation is a major concern, since transmission is intense at an early age, indicating that this endemic disease is expanding and contacts extend beyond individual households.</p>
  a1678-8060