02366nas a2200481   4500000000100000008004100001653001700042653001300059653002200072653001300094653002100107653001700128653003000145653001500175653002800190653001600218653000900234653002500243653001100268653001100279653003500290653001100325653002100336653002100357653002100378653001000399653002100409653001000430653001500440100001500455700001600470700002000486700001500506700001300521700001300534700001300547700001400560245011500574300001100689490000700700520116300707022001401870       2005                            d10aWater Supply10aTrachoma10aToilet Facilities10aTanzania10aSex Distribution10aRural Health10aResidence Characteristics10aPrevalence10aPopulation Surveillance10aMiddle Aged10aMale10aLongitudinal studies10aInfant10aHumans10aGeographic Information Systems10aFemale10aEndemic Diseases10aCluster Analysis10aChild, Preschool10aChild10aAge Distribution10aAdult10aAdolescent1 aPolack S R1 aSolomon A W1 aAlexander N D E1 aMassae P A1 aSafari S1 aShao J F1 aFoster A1 aMabey D C00aThe household distribution of trachoma in a Tanzanian village: an application of GIS to the study of trachoma.  a218-250 v993 a<p>The distribution of active trachoma in Kahe Mpya, Tanzania, an endemic village of approximately 1000 people, was mapped spatially and analysed for associated risk factors and evidence of clustering. An association between distance to water source and active disease was demonstrated, although this was reduced after accounting for the lack of independence between cases in the same household. Significant clustering of active trachoma within households was demonstrated, adding support to the hypothesized importance of intra-familial transmission. The spatial distribution of trachoma was analysed using the spatial scan statistic, and evidence of clustering of active trachoma cases detected. Understanding the distribution of the disease has implications for understanding the dynamics of transmission and therefore appropriate control activities. The demonstrated spatial clustering suggests inter-familial as well as intra-familial transmission of infection may be common in this setting. The association between active trachoma and geographical information system (GIS) measured distance to water may be relevant for planning control measures.</p>
  a0035-9203