02199nas a2200445   4500000000100000008004100001260003100042653003900073653001800112653001900130653002000149653001400169653001700183653001700200653002000217653002100237653002100258653002000279653001500299653002000314653002400334653002400358653002600382653002800408653001400436653001700450653002200467653002000489100003200509700001300541700002400554700002200578700002300600700002300623700002100646245004800667856003300715300000700748520099800755       2017                            d  bBENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS10aNeglected tropical diseases (NTDs)10aLeishmaniasis10aChagas disease10aTrypanosomiasis10aTreatment10aBenznidazole10aChemotherapy10aClinical trials10adrug development10aDrug repurposing10aDrug Resistance10aGlucantime10aLeishmania spp.10aMedicinal chemistry10aNew pharmaceuticals10aNew treatment schemes10aPentavalent antimonials10aPentostam10aSide effects10aTrypanosoma cruzi10aTrypanosomatids1 aAccioly Brelaz de Castro MC1 aSilva AC1 aRamos dos Santos TA1 aCosta Oliveira CN1 aSilva de Morais RC1 aPaiva-Cavalcanti M1 aAlves Pereira VR00aLeishmaniasis and Chagas disease treatment.  uhttps://tinyurl.com/y8oz9bcl  a153 a<p>Leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis are challenges among neglected tropical diseases. They usually affect marginal and poor populations and have the potential of becoming lethal. Current treatment for both diseases is based on chemotherapy, with the drug of choice being pentavalent antimonials for leishmaniasis, while for Chagas disease the two nitro-heterocyclic drugs, Benznidazole and Nifurtimox are recommended. The limited number, low efficacy, and side effects of conventional anti-Leishmania and anti-Trypanosomal drugs and the resistance developed by parasites are the major factors responsible for the growth in mortality rates. Currently there is an urgent need to develop effective, safe, cost-effective drugs, and new treatment schemes, as well as vaccines. As a result, international health organizations, universities, foundations, and pharmaceutical corporations are working together to support analysis and development of new strategies for controlling these diseases.</p>