01780nas a2200241   4500000000100000008004100001260001200042653001700054653001600071653002400087100001900111700001400130700002000144700001100164700001200175700002000187245008300207856011200290300001400402490000700416520109000423022002501513       2024                            d  bMedknow10aCo-infection10ahepatitis B10alepromatous leprosy1 aJayashankar CA1 aPrakash B1 aPrashanthi SVSR1 aBhat N1 aJoshi A1 aNarayanaswamy G00aA case of lepromatous leprosy in a background of chronic hepatitis B infection  uhttps://journals.lww.com/jfmpc/fulltext/2024/13040/a_case_of_lepromatous_leprosy_in_a_background_of.62.aspx  a1559-15620 v133 a<p>Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous infection that primarily affects developing and underdeveloped countries. Co-infection with the hepatitis B virus can complicate its natural course by altering the host immune system response and thereby the disease outcomes. Early detection and treatment of the disease is thus imperative for preventing debilitating deformities. Several studies have shown positive viral markers for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B in patients with leprosy. However, in the Indian subcontinent, we have limited evidence highlighting this correlation. We present a case of a 42-year-old male with chronic hepatitis B infection presenting with new-onset lepromatous leprosy. The patient was successfully managed with a multibacillary multidrug regimen. In patients with hepatitis B co-infection, clinicians must be vigilant about the higher risk of complications and poorer patient outcomes. Extensive longitudinal studies assessing the correlation between leprosy and hepatitis B in India can help tailor future guidelines for management.</p>
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