Leprosy, an infectious disease with multifaceted manifestations, often presents diagnostic challenges, particularly in atypical cases lacking characteristic skin lesions. Herein, we describe a rare case of pure neuritic leprosy (PNL) presenting with lymphadenopathy and fever, initially misdiagnosed as tuberculous lymphadenitis. A 20-year-old female exhibited bilateral painful inguinal lymphadenopathy, fever, and shooting forearm pain. Despite extensive diagnostic evaluations, including histopathological examination, the initial diagnosis remained elusive. Subsequent investigations, including nerve biopsy, revealed borderline tuberculoid leprosy with lymphadenopathy, highlighting the importance of considering leprosy in cases of fever and lymphadenopathy, even in the absence of typical skin manifestations. Early recognition and appropriate treatment are crucial to prevent complications and ensure optimal patient outcomes. This case underscores the necessity for heightened clinical suspicion and comprehensive evaluation to avoid diagnostic pitfalls and facilitate timely intervention in leprosy cases with atypical presentations.
BT - Indian J Lepr LA - ENG M3 - Case Report N2 -Leprosy, an infectious disease with multifaceted manifestations, often presents diagnostic challenges, particularly in atypical cases lacking characteristic skin lesions. Herein, we describe a rare case of pure neuritic leprosy (PNL) presenting with lymphadenopathy and fever, initially misdiagnosed as tuberculous lymphadenitis. A 20-year-old female exhibited bilateral painful inguinal lymphadenopathy, fever, and shooting forearm pain. Despite extensive diagnostic evaluations, including histopathological examination, the initial diagnosis remained elusive. Subsequent investigations, including nerve biopsy, revealed borderline tuberculoid leprosy with lymphadenopathy, highlighting the importance of considering leprosy in cases of fever and lymphadenopathy, even in the absence of typical skin manifestations. Early recognition and appropriate treatment are crucial to prevent complications and ensure optimal patient outcomes. This case underscores the necessity for heightened clinical suspicion and comprehensive evaluation to avoid diagnostic pitfalls and facilitate timely intervention in leprosy cases with atypical presentations.
PY - 2025 EP - 6 T2 - Indian J Lepr TI - Pure Neuritic Leprosy Primarily Presenting with Lymphadenopathy in Complex Lepra Reaction UR - https://www.ijl.org.in/published-articles/26032025104651/9_Case_Report_Luthra_et_al_Jan_March_2025_final_print_version.pdf ER -