TY - JOUR
KW - Cause of Death
KW - Comorbidity
KW - Cross Reactions
KW - Disease Progression
KW - Europe
KW - Humans
KW - Immunity, Active
KW - Incidence
KW - leprosy
KW - Models, Statistical
KW - Reproducibility of Results
KW - Time Factors
KW - Tuberculosis
AU - Lietman T
AU - Porco T
AU - Blower S
AB - <p><b>OBJECTIVES: </b>This study tested the hypothesis, first proposed by Chaussinand, that individual-level immunity acquired from exposure to tuberculosis may have contributed to the disappearance of leprosy from western Europe.</p><p><b>METHODS: </b>The epidemiological consequences of cross-immunity were assessed by the formulation of a mathematical model of the transmission dynamics of tuberculosis and leprosy.</p><p><b>RESULTS: </b>The conditions under which Mycobacterium tuberculosis could have eradicated Mycobacterium leprae were derived in terms of the basic reproductive rates of the two infections and the degree of cross-immunity.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS: </b>If the degree of cross-immunity between two diseases within an individual is known, then the epidemiological consequences of this cross-immunity can be assessed with transmission modeling. The results of this analysis, in combination with previous estimates of the basic reproductive rate of tuberculosis and degree of cross-immunity, imply that tuberculosis could have contributed to the decline of leprosy if the basic reproductive rate of leprosy was low.</p>
BT - American journal of public health
C1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9431277?dopt=Abstract
CN - LIETMAN1997
DA - 1997 Dec
DO - 10.2105/ajph.87.12.1923
IS - 12
J2 - Am J Public Health
LA - eng
N2 - <p><b>OBJECTIVES: </b>This study tested the hypothesis, first proposed by Chaussinand, that individual-level immunity acquired from exposure to tuberculosis may have contributed to the disappearance of leprosy from western Europe.</p><p><b>METHODS: </b>The epidemiological consequences of cross-immunity were assessed by the formulation of a mathematical model of the transmission dynamics of tuberculosis and leprosy.</p><p><b>RESULTS: </b>The conditions under which Mycobacterium tuberculosis could have eradicated Mycobacterium leprae were derived in terms of the basic reproductive rates of the two infections and the degree of cross-immunity.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS: </b>If the degree of cross-immunity between two diseases within an individual is known, then the epidemiological consequences of this cross-immunity can be assessed with transmission modeling. The results of this analysis, in combination with previous estimates of the basic reproductive rate of tuberculosis and degree of cross-immunity, imply that tuberculosis could have contributed to the decline of leprosy if the basic reproductive rate of leprosy was low.</p>
PY - 1997
SP - 1923
EP - 7
T2 - American journal of public health
TI - Leprosy and tuberculosis: the epidemiological consequences of cross-immunity.
UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1381230/pdf/amjph00511-0021.pdf
VL - 87
SN - 0090-0036
ER -